Apollo 11system modelDashboardMissionOperationsTimelineFunctionsPhysicalBudgetsRequirementsCostReview notesNavigator

Functional architecture¶

What the Apollo 11 mission system must do, independent of how it is built, and which abstract part of the system does it. This page covers the CoSMA functional and logical layers: the function breakdown, the functions' inputs and outputs, their trace to the operations of the concept of operations, and their allocation to logical components, which the physical architecture then realizes. It is meant for systems engineers working on the architecture and for reviewers checking that every operation is covered by a function and every function by a component.

69
functions
52 / 4
leaf functions / breakdown levels
39 / 39
operations refined by a function
6
logical components
52 / 52
leaf functions allocated to a component
112
functional requirements attached

How functions relate to operations and components¶

The model keeps what happens (operations), what the system must do (functions) and what does it (components) in separate layers, and links them with three kinds of statement. Read in the terms of an activity-based ontology: an operation is an activity, the functions that refine it are the functions the activity invokes, and the component that performs a function is the component the function is performed by. CoSMA adds one step: functions are performed by logical components (roles such as the launch system), and physical components inherit those functions by specializing a logical component.

%%{init: {"flowchart": {"wrappingWidth": 420}}}%%
flowchart LR
  phase(["Mission phase"]) -- "performs (do action)<br/>41 steps" --> op["Operation<br/><small>activity</small>"]
  fn["Function"] -- "refines (#refinement)<br/>52 links" --> op
  lc["Logical component<br/><small>role</small>"] -- "performs (perform)<br/>52 links" --> fn
  tc["Technical component<br/><small>flight hardware</small>"] -- "specializes<br/>3 links" --> lc
  gs["Ground and context system<br/><small>outside the mission system</small>"] -- "specializes<br/>7 links" --> lc
  fn -- "satisfies (satisfy)<br/>112 statements" --> fr["Functional requirement"]
How to read it
  • Follow the arrows backwards from an operation: the functions that refine it are what the operation demands; the logical component that performs each function owns it; the hardware that specializes that logical component carries it out (see Demands on the hardware below).
  • Functions are allocated to logical components only: 3 flight systems (ApolloSpacecraft, ExtravehicularMobilityUnit, SaturnV) and 7 ground and context systems specialize them. None of the flight systems is a part of another design (a stage or a module), so the allocation stops at the level of whole vehicles.
  • The model has no direct link from a function to hardware: no technical component performs a function itself.

Function breakdown structure¶

Product Function breakdown structure (FBS)
The hierarchy of functions, from the single top-level function PerformLunarMission through the 3 journeys and one function per mission phase down to the leaf functions that are allocated and specified.
Use it to see the scope of the system's behavior at a glance, find where a function sits, and check that the decomposition is complete. Expand a node to open it; hover a function for its definition.
  • PerformLunarMission performLunarMission (56)
    • ExecuteOutboundJourney outbound (23)
      • PrepareForLaunch prep (2)
        • PerformPropellantLoading load
        • PerformCrewIngress board
      • LaunchToOrbit launch (7)
        • ExecuteTerminalCountdown countdown
        • ProvideStage1Thrust provideThrust1
        • ProvideStage2Thrust provideThrust2
        • ProvideOrbitInsertionThrust provideThrust3
        • GuideAscentTrajectory guide
        • ObserveAscentDataFromCockpit observe
        • AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround analyze
      • SetTranslunarCourse tli (5)
        • ExecuteTranspositionManeuver executeTransposition
        • ProvideAttitudeControlThrust provideAttitudeControlAndThrust
        • MechanicallyLatchModules reconfigure
        • ProvideTranslunarInjectionThrust burn
        • ControlTranslunarInjectionBurn control
      • TraverseToMoon coast (7)
        • CalculateCourseCorrection calculate
        • ExecuteCourseCorrectionBurn correct
        • MonitorOnboardSystems monitorOnboard
        • MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry monitorGround
        • TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals comms
        • TrackAndRelayGroundSignals trackAndRelay
        • ManageCrewSchedules rest
      • AchieveLunarOrbit loi (2)
        • ProvideLunarOrbitInsertionThrust burn
        • ControlLunarOrbitInsertionBurn control
    • ConductLunarOperations lunarOps (20)
      • PrepareForLanding prepLanding (3)
        • PerformOrbitalSystemCheckouts checkout
        • PrepareLanderForSeparation prep
        • SeparateLanderFromOrbiter undock
      • LandOnSurface land (3)
        • ExecuteDescentBurn burn
        • MonitorDescent monitor
        • ManuallyPilotLander pilot
      • ExploreLunarSurface explore (8)
        • PerformPostLandingCheck postLand
        • PrepareForExtravehicularActivity prepEva
        • ProvideIndividualLifesupport provideIndividualLifesupport
        • ConductSurfaceExploration eva
        • GatherLunarSamples collect
        • DeploySurfaceExperiments deploy
        • CompleteExtravehicularActivity conclude
        • ConductSurfaceRestPeriod rest
      • ReturnToOrbitAndDock ascendAndDock (6)
        • ExecuteAscentBurn ascend
        • CalculateRendezvousManeuvers calculate
        • ExecuteRendezvousBurns rendezvous
        • ConnectSpacecraft dock
        • TransferCrewAndMaterials transfer
        • DiscardAscentStage jettison
    • ExecuteReturnJourney returnJourney (13)
      • SetTransearthCourse tei (1)
        • ExecuteTransearthBurn burn
      • TraverseToEarth coast (5)
        • MonitorOnboardSystems monitorSystems
        • MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry monitorTelemetry
        • TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals transmitAndReceive
        • TrackAndRelayGroundSignals trackAndRelay
        • PrepareVehicleForReentry prep
      • ReenterAndLand land (4)
        • SeparateReturnCapsule separate
        • GuideAtmosphericEntry guide
        • DeployDecelerators deploy
        • PerformSplashdown splashdown
      • RecoverCrewAndAssets recover (3)
        • RetrieveVehicleAndCrew retrieve
        • ExecuteQuarantine quarantine
        • SecureReturnedSamples secure
Structure
  • The mission splits into 3 journeys (ExecuteOutboundJourney, ConductLunarOperations, ExecuteReturnJourney), each into one function per mission phase (13 in all); every leaf sits on level 3.
  • The widest phase function is ExploreLunarSurface with 8 leaf functions.
  • The second level has 13 phase functions for 13 mission phases, and 13 of them are documented as corresponding to one phase. It mirrors the mission timeline: the decomposition follows when things happen rather than what capability the system provides, so a function needed in several phases appears once per phase.
  • 4 leaf functions are reused in more than one phase: MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry (TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth), MonitorOnboardSystems (TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth), TrackAndRelayGroundSignals (TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth), TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals (TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth).

Function interface table¶

Product Function interface table
Every function's inputs and outputs, with the item each one carries (most often VehicleStatus, LunarSamples, CrewStatus, ScientificData). Level 0 is the mission function, level 3 the leaves.
Use it to check what a function needs and produces, and spot hand-offs between functions; the filter box finds every function that uses a given item.
Function Level Part of Inputs Outputs
PerformLunarMission 0 plan : MissionPlan, vehicleSystem : VehicleStatus, flightCrew : CrewStatus finalReport : MissionReport
ExecuteOutboundJourney 1 launchReadySystem : VehicleStatus, crew : CrewStatus vehicleInLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus
PrepareForLaunch 2 assembledVehicle : VehicleStatus, crew : CrewStatus launchReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus, readyCrew : CrewStatus
PerformPropellantLoading 3 PrepareForLaunch currentStatus : VehicleStatus loadedStatus : VehicleStatus
PerformCrewIngress 3 PrepareForLaunch isCrewAboard : Boolean
LaunchToOrbit 2 launchReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus vehicleInEarthOrbit : VehicleStatus
ExecuteTerminalCountdown 3 LaunchToOrbit goForLaunch : Boolean
ProvideStage1Thrust 3 LaunchToOrbit launchReadyStatus : VehicleStatus stage1BurnoutStatus : VehicleStatus
ProvideStage2Thrust 3 LaunchToOrbit stage1BurnoutStatus : VehicleStatus stage2BurnoutStatus : VehicleStatus
ProvideOrbitInsertionThrust 3 LaunchToOrbit stage2BurnoutStatus : VehicleStatus orbitalStatus : VehicleStatus
GuideAscentTrajectory 3 LaunchToOrbit ascentStatus : VehicleStatus guidedStatus : VehicleStatus
ObserveAscentDataFromCockpit 3 LaunchToOrbit ascentStatus : VehicleStatus
AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround 3 LaunchToOrbit ascentStatus : VehicleStatus
SetTranslunarCourse 2 vehicleInEarthOrbit : VehicleStatus vehicleOnTranslunarTrajectory : VehicleStatus
ExecuteTranspositionManeuver 3 SetTranslunarCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus maneuveringStatus : VehicleStatus
ProvideAttitudeControlThrust 3 SetTranslunarCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus newAttitudeStatus : VehicleStatus
MechanicallyLatchModules 3 SetTranslunarCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus dockedStatus : VehicleStatus
ProvideTranslunarInjectionThrust 3 SetTranslunarCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus postBurnStatus : VehicleStatus
ControlTranslunarInjectionBurn 3 SetTranslunarCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus
TraverseToMoon 2 vehicleOnTranslunarTrajectory : VehicleStatus vehicleInLunarSphere : VehicleStatus
CalculateCourseCorrection 3 TraverseToMoon currentStatus : VehicleStatus burnPlan : VehicleStatus
ExecuteCourseCorrectionBurn 3 TraverseToMoon burnPlan : VehicleStatus correctedStatus : VehicleStatus
MonitorOnboardSystems 3 TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth currentStatus : VehicleStatus
MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry 3 TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth currentStatus : VehicleStatus
TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals 3 TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth currentStatus : VehicleStatus
TrackAndRelayGroundSignals 3 TraverseToMoon, TraverseToEarth
ManageCrewSchedules 3 TraverseToMoon currentStatus : CrewStatus restedStatus : CrewStatus
AchieveLunarOrbit 2 vehicleInLunarSphere : VehicleStatus vehicleInStableLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus
ProvideLunarOrbitInsertionThrust 3 AchieveLunarOrbit currentStatus : VehicleStatus postBurnStatus : VehicleStatus
ControlLunarOrbitInsertionBurn 3 AchieveLunarOrbit currentStatus : VehicleStatus finalStatus : VehicleStatus
ConductLunarOperations 1 vehicleInLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus returnReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus, samples : LunarSamples, science : ScientificData
PrepareForLanding 2 combinedVehicle : VehicleStatus separatedLander : VehicleStatus, separatedOrbiter : VehicleStatus
PerformOrbitalSystemCheckouts 3 PrepareForLanding currentStatus : VehicleStatus checkedVehicle : VehicleStatus
PrepareLanderForSeparation 3 PrepareForLanding currentStatus : VehicleStatus preppedVehicle : VehicleStatus
SeparateLanderFromOrbiter 3 PrepareForLanding currentStatus : VehicleStatus lander : VehicleStatus, orbiter : VehicleStatus
LandOnSurface 2 landingVehicle : VehicleStatus vehicleOnSurface : VehicleStatus
ExecuteDescentBurn 3 LandOnSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus descentStatus : VehicleStatus
MonitorDescent 3 LandOnSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus monitoredStatus : VehicleStatus
ManuallyPilotLander 3 LandOnSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus pilotedStatus : VehicleStatus
ExploreLunarSurface 2 vehicleOnSurface : VehicleStatus collectedSamples : LunarSamples, deployedScience : ScientificData
PerformPostLandingCheck 3 ExploreLunarSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus
PrepareForExtravehicularActivity 3 ExploreLunarSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus
ProvideIndividualLifesupport 3 ExploreLunarSurface
ConductSurfaceExploration 3 ExploreLunarSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus
GatherLunarSamples 3 ExploreLunarSurface samples : LunarSamples
DeploySurfaceExperiments 3 ExploreLunarSurface scienceData : ScientificData
CompleteExtravehicularActivity 3 ExploreLunarSurface currentStatus : VehicleStatus
ConductSurfaceRestPeriod 3 ExploreLunarSurface
ReturnToOrbitAndDock 2 ascentVehicleOnSurface : VehicleStatus, mainVehicleInOrbit : VehicleStatus, samplesToTransfer : LunarSamples mainVehicleWithCrew : VehicleStatus
ExecuteAscentBurn 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock currentStatus : VehicleStatus ascentVehicle : VehicleStatus
CalculateRendezvousManeuvers 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock currentStatus : VehicleStatus rendezvousPlan : VehicleStatus
ExecuteRendezvousBurns 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock rendezvousPlan : VehicleStatus proximalVehicle : VehicleStatus
ConnectSpacecraft 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock currentStatus : VehicleStatus dockedVehicle : VehicleStatus
TransferCrewAndMaterials 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock currentStatus : VehicleStatus, samples : LunarSamples postTransferVehicle : VehicleStatus
DiscardAscentStage 3 ReturnToOrbitAndDock currentStatus : VehicleStatus finalVehicle : VehicleStatus
ExecuteReturnJourney 1 returnReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus, samples : LunarSamples recoveredCrew : CrewStatus, recoveredSamples : LunarSamples
SetTransearthCourse 2 mainVehicleInLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus vehicleOnTransearthTrajectory : VehicleStatus
ExecuteTransearthBurn 3 SetTransearthCourse currentStatus : VehicleStatus finalStatus : VehicleStatus
TraverseToEarth 2 vehicleOnTransearthTrajectory : VehicleStatus reentryReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus
PrepareVehicleForReentry 3 TraverseToEarth currentStatus : VehicleStatus finalStatus : VehicleStatus
ReenterAndLand 2 reentryReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus landedVehicle : VehicleStatus
SeparateReturnCapsule 3 ReenterAndLand currentStatus : VehicleStatus capsule : VehicleStatus
GuideAtmosphericEntry 3 ReenterAndLand currentStatus : VehicleStatus reentryStatus : VehicleStatus
DeployDecelerators 3 ReenterAndLand currentStatus : VehicleStatus descentStatus : VehicleStatus
PerformSplashdown 3 ReenterAndLand currentStatus : VehicleStatus finalStatus : VehicleStatus
RecoverCrewAndAssets 2 landedVehicle : VehicleStatus, samplesOnboard : LunarSamples securedCrew : CrewStatus, securedSamples : LunarSamples
RetrieveVehicleAndCrew 3 RecoverCrewAndAssets currentStatus : VehicleStatus recoveredCrew : CrewStatus, recoveredVehicle : VehicleStatus
ExecuteQuarantine 3 RecoverCrewAndAssets crew : CrewStatus
SecureReturnedSamples 3 RecoverCrewAndAssets samples : LunarSamples finalSamples : LunarSamples

At the top of the breakdown the 3 journeys hand on from one to the next through parameters of the same name: ExecuteOutboundJourney passes vehicleInLunarOrbit to ConductLunarOperations; ConductLunarOperations passes returnReadyVehicle and samples to ExecuteReturnJourney.

%%{init: {"flowchart": {"wrappingWidth": 420}}}%%
flowchart LR
  noutbound["<b>ExecuteOutboundJourney</b><br/><small>in launchReadySystem : VehicleStatus<br/>in crew : CrewStatus<br/>out vehicleInLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus</small>"]
  nlunarOps["<b>ConductLunarOperations</b><br/><small>in vehicleInLunarOrbit : VehicleStatus<br/>out returnReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus<br/>out samples : LunarSamples<br/>out science : ScientificData</small>"]
  nreturnJourney["<b>ExecuteReturnJourney</b><br/><small>in returnReadyVehicle : VehicleStatus<br/>in samples : LunarSamples<br/>out recoveredCrew : CrewStatus<br/>out recoveredSamples : LunarSamples</small>"]
  noutbound -- "vehicleInLunarOrbit" --> nlunarOps
  nlunarOps -- "returnReadyVehicle<br/>samples" --> nreturnJourney
Interfaces
  • VehicleStatus is the most common item: 59 of the 69 functions take or produce it, so most functions transform the vehicle's state step by step from the pad to splashdown.
  • 3 functions declare no parameters: ConductSurfaceRestPeriod, ProvideIndividualLifesupport, TrackAndRelayGroundSignals.
  • Hand-offs are implied by matching parameter names only; the model declares no flows between functions.

Function-to-operation trace¶

Product Function-to-operation trace
Each leaf function refines one operation of the concept of operations (a #refinement dependency); operations are performed during mission phases.
Use it to confirm that every operation is realized by at least one function, and see which functions serve each mission phase.
Coverage
  • 39 of 39 operations are refined by at least one function.
  • 52 of 52 leaf functions refine an operation.
  • PerformTranspositionDockingExtraction needs the most functions (3).
  • Each phase function's leaves refine operations of the phase its documentation names, except TraverseToEarth (documented for TransEarthCoastPhase), whose leaves also serve TransLunarCoastPhase; TraverseToMoon (documented for TransLunarCoastPhase), whose leaves also serve TransEarthCoastPhase: the leaves are shared, so they refine operations of each phase that uses them.

Logical architecture¶

Product Logical component register
The abstract components of the mission system, defined by their role rather than their physical form, with the number of leaf functions each performs.
Use it to see who is responsible for what before any hardware is chosen.
Component Functions performed CoSMA logical component Description
Spacecraft 18 yes This system comprises the vehicles that travel to, operate at, and return from the Moon. It handles all functions related to in-space travel, life support, landing, and returning through Earth's atmosphere.
Crew 17 yes This system represents the human operators who pilot the spacecraft, conduct experiments, and make real-time decisions.
GroundSupportSystem 9 yes This system is the Earth-based infrastructure and personnel that manage, control, and support the mission from start to finish.
LaunchSystem 6 yes This system's sole purpose is to propel the payload from Earth's surface onto a precise path to the Moon. It is responsible for all functions related to ascent and injection into a translunar trajectory.
DataTransmissionNetwork 1 no The system to relay and transmit data between the SoS elements.
EVASystem 1 yes This system consists of the personal equipment required for an astronaut to live and work in the vacuum of space on the lunar surface.
Product Function allocation matrix
Leaf functions (rows, in breakdown order, with their phase function) against the logical component that performs them (a perform in the component).
Use it to check that every function has exactly one owner and see each component's share of the mission.
Allocation check
  • Leaf functions performed by no component: none.
  • Functions performed by several components: none.

Leaf function usages per component and journey:

Component ExecuteOutboundJourney ConductLunarOperations ExecuteReturnJourney
Spacecraft 7 6 6
Crew 4 12 2
GroundSupportSystem 5 1 4
LaunchSystem 6 0 0
DataTransmissionNetwork 1 0 1
EVASystem 0 1 0

Logical-to-physical realization¶

Product Realization map
The technical components and mission-context elements that specialize each logical component, and so inherit its functions.
Use it to trace a function to the hardware or ground facility that carries it out.
%%{init: {"flowchart": {"wrappingWidth": 420}}}%%
flowchart LR
  subgraph nContextPackage["Context"]
    nr_MannedSpaceFlightNetwork["MannedSpaceFlightNetwork"]
    nr_LaunchSite["LaunchSite"]
    nr_MissionControl["MissionControl"]
    nr_RecoveryForces["RecoveryForces"]
    nr_LaunchControlCenter["LaunchControlCenter"]
    nr_CrawlerTransporter["CrawlerTransporter"]
    nr_VehicleAssemblyBuilding["VehicleAssemblyBuilding"]
  end
  subgraph nTechnicalComponentsPackage["TechnicalComponents"]
    nr_ExtravehicularMobilityUnit["ExtravehicularMobilityUnit"]
    nr_SaturnV["SaturnV"]
    nr_ApolloSpacecraft["ApolloSpacecraft"]
  end
  subgraph logical["Logical components"]
    nc_Spacecraft["Spacecraft · 18 functions"]
    nc_Crew["Crew · 17 functions"]
    nc_GroundSupportSystem["GroundSupportSystem · 9 functions"]
    nc_LaunchSystem["LaunchSystem · 6 functions"]
    nc_DataTransmissionNetwork["DataTransmissionNetwork · 1 function"]
    nc_EVASystem["EVASystem · 1 function"]
  end
  nr_ExtravehicularMobilityUnit --> nc_EVASystem
  nr_MannedSpaceFlightNetwork --> nc_DataTransmissionNetwork
  nr_SaturnV --> nc_LaunchSystem
  nr_LaunchSite --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_MissionControl --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_RecoveryForces --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_LaunchControlCenter --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_CrawlerTransporter --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_VehicleAssemblyBuilding --> nc_GroundSupportSystem
  nr_ApolloSpacecraft --> nc_Spacecraft
Realized by Logical component Functions Functional requirements inherited
MannedSpaceFlightNetwork DataTransmissionNetwork 1 4
ExtravehicularMobilityUnit EVASystem 1 0
CrawlerTransporter GroundSupportSystem 9 21
LaunchControlCenter GroundSupportSystem 9 21
LaunchSite GroundSupportSystem 9 21
MissionControl GroundSupportSystem 9 21
RecoveryForces GroundSupportSystem 9 21
VehicleAssemblyBuilding GroundSupportSystem 9 21
SaturnV LaunchSystem 6 12
ApolloSpacecraft Spacecraft 18 35

Logical components with no realizing definition: Crew (Apollo11Mission::crew is typed by Astronaut and Crew).

Demands on the hardware¶

Product Demands on the hardware
For each physical system (flight hardware and the ground and context systems), the logical component it realizes, the leaf functions it therefore performs, and the operations and mission phases those functions serve. Derived by joining realization, perform and #refinement; the model states no direct link.
Use it to see what the operations ask of each piece of hardware, and find functions that no hardware carries out.
Functions, operations and phases each physical system serves
Component Kind Logical component Functions Operations Phases
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft 18 14 9
ExtravehicularMobilityUnit flight hardware EVASystem 1 1 1
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem 6 3 2
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
MannedSpaceFlightNetwork ground / context DataTransmissionNetwork 1 1 2
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem 9 9 6
Component Kind Logical component Function Operations served Phases
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ProvideAttitudeControlThrust PerformTranspositionDockingExtraction TransLunarInjectionPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft MechanicallyLatchModules PerformTranspositionDockingExtraction TransLunarInjectionPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft CalculateCourseCorrection ConductMidCourseCorrections TransLunarCoastPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ExecuteCourseCorrectionBurn ConductMidCourseCorrections TransLunarCoastPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals CommunicateWithMissionControl TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ProvideLunarOrbitInsertionThrust ExecuteLOIBurn LunarOrbitInsertionPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ControlLunarOrbitInsertionBurn ExecuteLOIBurn LunarOrbitInsertionPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft SeparateLanderFromOrbiter PerformLMUndocking LunarOrbitOperationsDescentPreparationPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ExecuteDescentBurn ExecutePoweredDescentBurn PoweredDescentPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ExecuteAscentBurn ExecuteLunarAscentBurn LunarAscentRendezvousPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft CalculateRendezvousManeuvers PerformRendezvousManeuvers LunarAscentRendezvousPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ExecuteRendezvousBurns PerformRendezvousManeuvers LunarAscentRendezvousPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft DiscardAscentStage JettisonLM LunarAscentRendezvousPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft ExecuteTransearthBurn ExecuteTEIBurn TransEarthInjectionPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft SeparateReturnCapsule SeparateModules ReentryLandingPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft GuideAtmosphericEntry GuideReentryTrajectory ReentryLandingPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft DeployDecelerators DeployParachutes ReentryLandingPhase
ApolloSpacecraft flight hardware Spacecraft PerformSplashdown ConductSplashdownOperations ReentryLandingPhase
ExtravehicularMobilityUnit flight hardware EVASystem ProvideIndividualLifesupport PerformLunarEVA LunarSurfaceOperationsPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem ProvideStage1Thrust ExecuteLaunchSequence LaunchPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem ProvideStage2Thrust ExecuteLaunchSequence LaunchPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem ProvideOrbitInsertionThrust ExecuteLaunchSequence LaunchPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem GuideAscentTrajectory MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem ProvideTranslunarInjectionThrust ExecuteTLIBurn TransLunarInjectionPhase
SaturnV flight hardware LaunchSystem ControlTranslunarInjectionBurn ExecuteTLIBurn TransLunarInjectionPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
CrawlerTransporter ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchControlCenter ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
LaunchSite ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
MannedSpaceFlightNetwork ground / context DataTransmissionNetwork TrackAndRelayGroundSignals CommunicateWithMissionControl TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
MissionControl ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
RecoveryForces ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformPropellantLoading LoadConsumablesAndPropellants PrepareForMissionPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem PerformCrewIngress TransferCrewToVehicle PrepareForMissionPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteTerminalCountdown PerformPreLaunchCountdown LaunchPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem AnalyzeLaunchTelemetryFromGround MonitorAscentTrajectory LaunchPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry MonitorSpacecraftSystems TransLunarCoastPhase, TransEarthCoastPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem MonitorDescent MonitorDescentTelemetry PoweredDescentPhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem RetrieveVehicleAndCrew RetrieveCrewAndCM RecoveryQuarantinePhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem ExecuteQuarantine InitiateQuarantineProcedures RecoveryQuarantinePhase
VehicleAssemblyBuilding ground / context GroundSupportSystem SecureReturnedSamples SecureLunarSamples RecoveryQuarantinePhase
Functions that reach no physical system
  • 35 of 52 leaf functions reach a physical system.
  • Performed only by a logical component that no hardware or ground system realizes: ObserveAscentDataFromCockpit (Crew), ExecuteTranspositionManeuver (Crew), MonitorOnboardSystems (Crew), ManageCrewSchedules (Crew), PerformOrbitalSystemCheckouts (Crew), PrepareLanderForSeparation (Crew), ManuallyPilotLander (Crew), PerformPostLandingCheck (Crew), PrepareForExtravehicularActivity (Crew), ConductSurfaceExploration (Crew), GatherLunarSamples (Crew), DeploySurfaceExperiments (Crew), CompleteExtravehicularActivity (Crew), ConductSurfaceRestPeriod (Crew), ConnectSpacecraft (Crew), TransferCrewAndMaterials (Crew), PrepareVehicleForReentry (Crew). Crew has no realizing design: Apollo11Mission::crew is typed by Astronaut and Crew.
  • Performed by no component at all: none.
Shared roles
  • 6 systems specialize GroundSupportSystem and so each inherits all 9 of its functions (CrawlerTransporter, LaunchControlCenter, LaunchSite, MissionControl, RecoveryForces, VehicleAssemblyBuilding): the model does not say which of them performs which function, so this view over-assigns them.

Model issues on this page¶

Issues to raise with the model owners
  • DataTransmissionNetwork does not specialize CoSMA's LogicalComponent, so queries by type miss it.
  • Spacecraft is described by a plain comment instead of a doc comment.
  • The return coast reuses 4 outbound coast functions, but the functional requirements are attached only to the outbound usages: MonitorOnboardSystems, MonitorDownlinkedTelemetry, TransmitAndReceiveSpacecraftSignals, TrackAndRelayGroundSignals.
  • ProvideIndividualLifesupport satisfies no functional requirement.
  • No order or flow is modeled between sub-functions (0 successions or connectors in FunctionsPackage); sequencing exists only in the phases' operation sequences (54 successions).
ModelwareProduced on 07 Nov 2026 from the Apollo 11 SysML v2 model v0.0.1 with Modelware's Sysight tool, © 2026 Modelware.